大学英语三级写作专题(5) －结尾段

概述

开头和结尾往往是读者注意最多的部分。开头引起读者注意，提出主题；结尾与开头呼应，使读者感觉全文论述完整，圆满结束。从某种意义上来说，结尾更容易给读者留下深刻印象。人们常把好的文章结尾称作是“画龙点睛”，可见结尾部分对整篇文章所起的作用。

总结归纳

简要总结归纳文章要点，以便深化主题印象。如：

In conclusion I would like to say that children need to be understood but children also need to understand their parents. It is only when parents and children come to understand each other that we can solve problems effectively and narrow the generation gap.

分析：文章通过in conclusion引出对前面所作论述的归纳，使主题更加明确。

重申主题

再次强调和确定文章开头阐述的中心思想。如：

Admittedly, science has created atomic bombs and produced pervasive pollution. But it has transformed the lives of millions of people. It has multiplied man’s energy, hopes, ambitions and understanding. It has elevated and will continue to elevate man intellectually and spiritually.

分析：文章对前文的观点进行了重复，使之更加鲜明。

预测展望

立足当前，放眼未来。如：

So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.

分析：文章通过对未来积极的展望，说明了爱在生活中的重要性。

提出建议

提出解决问题的途径、方法或呼吁人们采取相应的行动。如：

As the issue plays such a key role in our society, sufficient attention should be paid from both the government and the public. The government should make sure that the census is well carried out and the people should be actively involved in the census.

分析：文章在结尾从政府和公众两个角度提出建议，以保证人口普查的顺利进行。

提出问题

提出具有发人深省的问题，从而突出中心思想。如：

Old people may choose to live alone for themselves and even embrace this living pattern. But in the deep part of their hearts, they must feel lonely. They need their children to stay with, to talk with, and take care of them. Why can’t young people think of the days when they are getting old

分析：文章最有用一个反问句“年轻人为什么不想想自己年老时的情形”来提醒他们将心比心，设身处地，去关心父母双亲。

引用格言

用格言、谚语或习语总括全文中心思想。如：

Many years ago, a great philosopher Francis Bacon remarked that “Knowledge … is power.” This can now be translated into contemporary terms. In our social setting, “Knowledge is change”—and accelerating knowledge-acquisition, fueling the great engine of technology, means accelerating change.

分析: 文章借用培根“知识就是力量”名言的结构，指出“知识就是变化”以深化主题，给读者留下深刻的印象。