时态(tense)是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式,在英语中有 16 种时态。所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段,有完成状态、进行状态、完成进行状态或一般状态四种。由时和态结合,便形成下列 16 种时态:
1、一般现在时 (动词原形或三单)
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- We always use Xinjiang Cotton.
- 我们一直使用新疆棉。
2、一般过去时(动词过去式)
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- We used Xinjiang cotton yesterday.
- 昨天我们使用了新疆棉。
3、一般将来时(will+动词原形)
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- We will always use Xinjiang cotton.
- 我们将一直使用新疆棉。
4、现在进行时(be+动词 ing)
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- Farmers are working in the cotton fields now.
- 农民们正在棉花地里犁地。
5、过去进行时(be 过去式+动词 ing)
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- Farmers were working in the cotton fields when the groundless accusation was reported.
- 汗滴棉下土,锅从天上来。
6、将来进行时(will be+动词 ing)
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- We will still be working in the cotton fields even if they don’t apologize for what they have done.
- 就算他们不道歉,我们也将一直坚持在棉花田上工作。
7、现在完成时(have done)
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- We have supported Xinjiang cotton for one week.
- 我们已经支持新疆棉一周了。
8、过去完成时(had done)
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- We had supported Xinjiang cotton before they released that statement.
- 在他们公布那则声明前我们就已经支持新疆棉了。
9、将来完成时(will have done)
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- They will have released a new statement on this issue by tomorrow.
- 他们将在明天之前就此问题公布一则新声明。
10、现在完成进行时(have been doing)
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- We have been using Xinjiang cotton lately.
- 我们最近一直在使用新疆棉。
11、过去完成进行时(had been doing)
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- We had been waiting for their apology, but then we found it urgent to call for a boycott.
- 我们当时等待他们道歉,但是后来我们发现呼吁抵制很迫切。
12、将来完成进行时(will have been doing)
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- Tomorrow we will have been using Xinjiang cotton for ten years.
- 明天将是我们使用新疆棉的第十周年纪念。
13、一般过去将来时(would+动词原形)
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- They said they would use Xinjiang cotton.
- 他们说了他们将会使用新疆棉。
14、过去将来进行时(would be doing)
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- They said they would be working in the cotton fields tomorrow morning.
- 他们说了他们明早讲一直坚守在棉花田上工作。
15、过去将来完成时(would have done)
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- They said they would have released a new statement on this issue by tomorrow.
- 他们说了他们将在明天之前就此问题公布一则新声明。
16、过去将来完成进行时(would have been doing)
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- They said tomorrow they would have been using Xinjiang cotton for ten years.
- 他们说了明天将是他们使用新疆棉的第十周年。